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| Toxin Name |
β-theraphotoxin-Gr1a |
| Source Species |
Grammostola rosea (Chilean rose tarantula) |
| Toxin Group |
Theraphotoxin |
| Description |
Short-loop ICK 'tarantula' toxin that blocks voltage-activated sodium channels in F-11 cells by shifting the voltage dependence of channel activation to more depolarized potentials. However this is only a weak block with an IC50 of 2.8 μM. Has no effect on Kv1.1 and Kv1.4 channels at concentrations up to 10 μM.
Toxins with very similar primary structure have been reported from two different theraphosid spiders, Thrixopelma pruriens (β/ω-TRTX-Tp2a, a blocker of vertebrate voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels) and Paraphysa scrofa (κ-TRTX-Ps1a, a blocker of vertebrate voltage-gated potassium channels Kv4.2 and Kv4.3) |
| Discovered |
2007 |
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Sex: female, Prosoma length: 26mm
Photo courtesy of Bastian Rast
Use of photo governed by creative
commons noncommercial license
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| This toxin last updated on Sep 07, 2010 |
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| Current Taxonomy |
Historic Taxonomy |
| Kingdom |
Animalia |
| Phylum |
Arthropoda |
| Class |
Arachnida |
| Order |
Araneae |
| Infra-order |
Mygalomorphae |
| Family |
Theraphosidae |
| Genus |
Grammostola |
| Species |
rosea |
|
| Citharoscelus kochii |
| Citharoscelus spatulatus |
| Eurypelma rosea |
| Eurypelma spatulatum |
| Grammostola argentinense |
| Grammostola argentinensis |
| Grammostola cala |
| Grammostola rosea |
| Grammostola spathulata |
| Grammostola spatulata |
| Grammostola spatulatus |
| Lasiodora rosea |
| Mygale rosea |
| Mygale rubiginosa |
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| Molecular Target |
ED50 |
IC50 |
Kd |
Pharmacophore |
Comment |
| Sodium channel, voltage-gated (vertebrate): Vertebrate NaV channel, non-selective |
|
2800.0
nM
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Inhibition of voltage gated sodium currents in neuroblastoma F-11 cells by native toxin. |
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| Source |
Accession |
| ArachnoServer
|
AS000223 |
| NCBI_Taxon
|
432528
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| UniProt
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P85117
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| Original Deposition References |
Clement H., Odell G., Zamudio F.Z., Redaelli E., Wanke E., Alagon A., Possani L.D.
Toxicon 50:65-74(2007).
Isolation and characterization of a novel toxin from the venom of the spider Grammostola rosea that blocks sodium channels.
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| Disulfide Bonds |
| Left Residue |
Right Residue |
Evidence |
| 2 |
16 |
By homology |
| 9 |
21 |
By homology |
| 15 |
25 |
By homology |
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| Peptide Sequences |
>as:β-theraphotoxin-Gr1a|sp:P85117 Toxin from venom of the spider Grammostola rosea that inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels
YCQKWMWTCDSKRKCCEDMVCQLWCKKRL |
Full BLAST |
BLAST mature toxin only
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| Synonym |
Type |
| β-theraphotoxin-Gr1a |
Recommended full name |
| β-TRTX-Gr1a |
Recommended abbreviation |
| Toxin GrTx1 |
Synonym |
| GrTx1 |
Synonym (abbreviation) |
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